Scientists Discover Two New Bush Frog Species in Meghalaya with Khasi-Inspired Names
Shillong, Meghalaya — In a significant addition to India’s amphibian diversity, researchers have identified two new species of bush frogs in the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya. The discoveries, made in 2025, highlight both the rich biodiversity of the region and the deep cultural connections between local indigenous communities and their natural heritage.
The two newly described species belong to the genus Raorchestes, a group of small, arboreal frogs known for their direct development — they bypass the tadpole stage and emerge as fully formed miniature froglets. These frogs are typically found in bushes and low vegetation, often near human settlements.
The New Species
Raorchestes jakoid
Named after the Khasi word “jakoid,” meaning frog, this species was discovered in Lawbah village in the East Khasi Hills at an elevation of approximately 815 meters. It is a small, cryptic frog distinguished by its unique morphological features, advertisement calls, and genetic profile.
Raorchestes jadoh
This species takes its name from jadoh, a beloved traditional Khasi dish made of rice and meat. It was found in Langtor village in the Eastern West Khasi Hills at a higher elevation of around 1,655 meters. Like its counterpart, it belongs to the Raorchestes parvulus species complex and was identified through a combination of morphological, acoustic, and molecular (16S rRNA) analysis.
Both species are part of the family Rhacophoridae and are known for their adaptability to slightly disturbed habitats, though they remain vulnerable to ongoing environmental changes.
A Cultural Tribute
What makes these discoveries particularly special is the decision to name them using words from the Khasi language. Lead author Holiness Warjri, a researcher from Langtor village, emphasized the pride and emotional connection this naming brings to the local community. The gesture serves as a tribute to the Khasi people, whose traditional knowledge and stewardship of the land have long supported the region’s biodiversity.
Scientific Contribution
The findings were published in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The research team included scientists from Assam Don Bosco University, Help Earth (Guwahati), and Mizoram University. They conducted extensive field surveys, recorded frog calls, and performed DNA analysis to confirm the frogs as distinct species.
Meghalaya, located within the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, is home to nearly 70 amphibian species, many of which have been described only in recent years. These discoveries underline the importance of continued surveys in Northeast India, where undescribed species still await documentation.
Conservation Outlook
While the new frogs show some tolerance to human-modified landscapes, habitat loss and environmental degradation remain major threats. Researchers stress the need for greater conservation efforts and community involvement to protect these fragile ecosystems and the unique species they harbor.
This blend of scientific discovery and cultural respect not only enriches our understanding of India’s natural wealth but also strengthens the bond between local communities and conservation science in one of the country’s most biodiverse regions.
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